| Tomatoes | | | | make pizzas for her guests (see making a |
| | | | | wood-burning stove from your grill). In 1889, Umberto I |
| Italians owe a tip of their hats to the New World for | | | | and Margherita di Savoia, the King and Queen of Italy |
| their pizzas. It was not until 1522 that the tomato was | | | | while on holidays in Napoli, invited the most popular |
| brought back to Europe from Peru where it originated. | | | | pizza chef (called a pizzaioli) of the day, Raffaele |
| Many Europeans thought the tomato was poisonous | | | | Esposito, to their palace. He served them three pizzas |
| and refused to sample its nectar. But eventually the | | | | that dazzled both. But the one that the Queen found |
| Italians came around and ended up developing some | | | | particularly sumptuous for its taste and the fact that it |
| of the finest tomato sauces on earth (e.g., Ragù finto | | | | bore the colors of the Italian flag consisted of |
| tomato meat sauce, rich Italian tomato sauce, and | | | | mozzarella, basil, and tomatoes (in a later article I will |
| pizza sauce). | | | | discuss how to make your own mozzarella cheese). |
| | | | | Raffaele was so appreciative of the accolades that |
| The poor of Italy and their flat bread | | | | he named the pizza after her – margherita pizza |
| | | | | (which is one of the world's most popular types). But |
| Prior to the introduction of the tomato, Italians along | | | | when I make it, I have to have garlic) on it. By the way, |
| with other parts of the Mediterranean, ate | | | | you can still visit the restaurant where Raffaele |
| yeast-based flat bread sometimes with white sauce, | | | | worked. It is called Pizzeria Brandi today but was |
| olives and fish on top (in a later article, I will discuss | | | | known as Pietro e Basta Così when he lived. |
| how to make a type of flat bread called focaccia). But | | | | |
| it is believed that somewhere around Napoli (Naples, | | | | |
| Italy) in the late 1500s, the poor began adding tomatoes | | | | |
| to their yeast-based flat bread. This makes sense | | | | Pizzeria Brandi in Napoli |
| because the peasants subsisted primarily on only a | | | | |
| few basic ingredients including flour, cheese, olive oil, | | | | The marinara pizza |
| olives, various types of herbs, and tomatoes after they | | | | |
| were introduced. By the 1600s, it was an exceptionally | | | | Not only has margherita pizza become a staple of |
| popular Napoli dish among the poor. | | | | Napoli but also the marina pizza. In fact, some purists |
| | | | | will only serve these in their restaurants. The marinara |
| Pizza and Napoli | | | | pizza has an older origin than the margherita pizza and |
| | | | | consists of oregano, garlic, extra virgin olive oil, and |
| By the time the 1700s rolled around, word had reached | | | | basil. It was named marinara, not because it contains |
| the far parts of Europe about the delicious pizza being | | | | seafood, but because it was a delight of fisherman |
| made particularly around Napoli. Visitors and tourists | | | | who returned from a catch to the Bay of Naples. |
| flocked to the poorer parts of Napoli to buy pizza | | | | |
| from open-air street vendors, called pizzaio. Some time | | | | |
| during this period pizzerias sprang up catering to the | | | | |
| outsiders. Although we will never know for sure, most | | | | Margherita pizza |
| point to the Antica Pizzeria Port'Alba of Napoli as the | | | | |
| first pizzeria. | | | | The US discovers pizza |
| | | | | |
| | | | | Although pizza had come to the United States via |
| | | | Italian immigrants in the 1800s, it mainly remained within |
| Antica Pizzeria Port'Alba | | | | Italian-American neighborhoods until World War II. As |
| | | | | the allied troops marched up the through the boot of |
| | | | | Italy, taking Napoli from the Germans (and Italians), the |
| The wealthy discover the margherita pizza | | | | soldiers sampled pizzas. When the soldiers returned, |
| | | | | pizzerias came onto their own in the US thriving on the |
| It did not take long for the wealthy to catch on to the | | | | support from the GI enthusiasts and their families. |
| magical flavors of Napoli's pizzas. The wife of the King | | | | |
| of Naples, Queen Maria Carolina d'Asburgo Lorena | | | | I still contend that you cannot get pizza in the US like |
| enjoyed pizza so much that she had a special oven | | | | those in Napoli. |
| constructed in her summer palace at Capodimonte to | | | | |